Ms. Gokturk

How To Make Sure You Have the Best Essay

 

THE LIST OF DO NOTS:

Do not use “I”

Do not use “you”

Do not use sweeping generalizations

Do not use contractions: spell them out!

Do not use the same word for “show” over an over and over

Do not forget that each paragraph should have a topic sentence that helps support the thesis

Do not abbreviate words

Do not forget that literary analysis is a three part structure that you must develop each time you provide analysis and/or evidence

Do not forget that the thesis is your FOCUS for the entire essay

 

Literary Analysis is a three part structure:

  1. Make an assertion/argument/statement/observation

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  1. Prove it using specifics (quotes and/or paraphrase) from the text with citation of page/line

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  1. Analyze/explain/interpret for dummy reader

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 Voila! A sensible, air tight argument that no one can refute!

 

Quoting: Periods and commas always go inside quotation marks.

Piggy says, “I like conchs.”                    NOT                Piggy says, “I like conchs”.

 

REASON: "In the days when printing used raised bits of metal, "." and "," were the most delicate, and were in danger of damage (the face of the piece of type might break off from the body, or be bent or dented from above) if they had a '"' on one side and a blank space on the other. Hence the convention arose of always using '."' and ',"' rather than '".' and '",', regardless of logic." This seems to be an argument to return to something more logical, but there is little impetus to do so within the United States.

 

·         If a page number is being used, the page number becomes part of the sentence and the punctuation goes after the citation.

 

Piggy says, “I like conchs” (11).  [No “p.” or “page” is necessary]

 

Quoting: Citing pages parenthetically.

English scholarly papers should always follow the MLA citation style (as opposed to APA in social studies or Chicago Style for other humanities). In the body of the paper, use parentheses to note the source:

 

Holden says, “I’m not going to tell you about that” (1).

Holden asserts that he wishes to “catch falling children from falling over the cliff” (187).

 

Note that the period is outside the quotation marks; after all, that citation is part of that sentence, not the following sentence, so the period holds it in.

 

If writing a research paper, use the author’s last name followed by a page number with no punctuation:

 

            Direct quote: “Teen girls today are consumed with the Paris Hilton fad” (Debillseon 19).  

Indirect Quote: The Paris Hilton fad has consumed teenage girls (Debillseon 19).

 

Quoting: Question marks, exclamation marks and quotation marks: Use logic!

For example, if a statement ends in a quoted question, allow the question mark within the quotation marks suffice to end the sentence.

 

Malcolm X had the courage to ask the younger generation of American blacks, "What did we do, who preceded you?"

 

On the other hand, if a question ends with a quoted statement that is not a question, the question mark will go outside the closing quotation mark.

 

Who said, "Fame means when your computer modem is broken, the repair guy comes out to your house a little faster"?

 

In the United States, we use single quotation marks [ ‘ ’ ] to enclose quoted material (or the titles of poems, stories, articles) within other quoted material:

 

"'Design' is my favorite poem," he said.

"Did she ask, 'What's going on?'"

 

Titles: Underline or put in quotes?

Underline or italicize LONG_____ works; put “short works” in quotes (cute bunny ears):

 

Novels

“Poems”

“Essays”

“Short Stories”

Newspapers and Magazines

“Articles”

 

FYI: Back in the old days, a handwritten or typed manuscript was given tot he printer. In order to designate what should be ITALICIZED, the author would underline. Therefore, today with the joy of the computer, you may underline OR italicize, not both.

 

Your Title!

Do not underline your title. Always write a clever title for your essay. The title should reveal the THESIS of the paper! Titles draw your readers in right away.

 

Don’t confuse tenses:  Are you in the past or the present?

Students often write sentences like these:

            He walked down the street. He sees a car.  (“Walked” is the past tense. “Sees” is the present.)

 

Choose one and be consistent:            He walks down the street. He sees a car.          

                                                He walked down the street. He saw a car.

 

When writing about literature, the present tense works better: 

                        Mr. Peters is a lonely man who wishes for a wife.

 

When telling a story of your own, the past tense may better: 

                        Last time I played baseball I scored the winning run.

 

When writing about literature, ALWAYS use the present tense.

PAST TENSE                                            PRESENT TENSE

History: It already happened                         Literature: The writing is always in front of you

 

During WW11, many children were                    In LOF, the school evacuates the children

evacuated to other countries                               to Australia.

for safekeeping.

 

Voice: Always use the active voice: Get rid of the “to be” verb “is” and putt he emphasis on the verb.

PASSIVE                                                   ACTIVE

The dog was biting Hugo.                            The dog bites Hugo.

 

Referring to the author

Refer to the author by their last name ONLY after stating their full name once.

i.e., Golding shows how the boys devolve.

 

Paragraphs. A good paragraph is like a mini-essay:

1.       Has a solid topic sentence

2.       Provides adequate supporting points, evidence, examples that illustrate topic sentence

3.       Provides analysis that explains the supporting points and evidence and how they support the thesis.

4.       Does not digress onto points not related to topic sentence

5.       Has a conclusion and/or transition sentence

 

An essay is not a text message! Use correct capitalization and spelling!

An essay is not a text! You know the rules: you must use initial caps for proper nouns (names), titles, and the beginning of all sentences, every time. U must spell out ur words.

 

Write out small numbers.

In writing, spell out (write out) numbers from one to twenty. For larger numbers, 21 and up, you may use numerals as long as the number does not begin a sentence. Any number that begins a sentence must be spelled out: Four hundred years ago, I traveled the seas.

 

Don’t repeat yourself. Don’t repeat yourself.

Don’t keep saying the same thing over and over, in order to fill up the page.  Don’t repeat the same thing by moving some words around because you want to fill up the page. Don’t move words around so that you keep saying the same thing. Don’t say the same thing over and over to take up space.  Decide what you want to say, and say it clearly. Once. Read your essay aloud and catch your repetitions.